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▴ Proto-Turkic▴ Altaic etymology▴ Meaning▴ Russian meaning▴ Old Turkic▴ Karakhanid▴ Turkish▴ Tatar▴ Middle Turkic▴ Uzbek▴ Uighur▴ Sary-Yughur▴ Azerbaidzhan▴ Turkmen▴ Khakassian▴ Shor▴ Oyrat▴ Halaj▴ Chuvash▴ Yakut▴ Dolgan▴ Tuva▴ Tofalar▴ Kirghiz▴ Kazakh▴ Noghai▴ Bashkir▴ Balkar▴ Gagauz▴ Karaim▴ Karakalpak▴ Salar▴ Kumyk▴ Commentsface="Times New Roman Star"*gu"l face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"1 vestibule, inner porch 2 house, hut 3 home, dwelling-place face="Times New Roman Star"1 ñåíè, ïðèõîæàÿ 2 äîì, õèæèíà 3 æèëèùå face="Times New Roman Star"gil 'family (as a second part of compound)', (dial.) 3 face="Times New Roman Star"gil 'family (as a second part of compound)' face="Times New Roman Star"kil, ku"l 2 face="Times New Roman Star"ku"la" 1 face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 270, Åãîðîâ 112, Ôåäîòîâ 1, 291-292. Yak. ku":la" is secondarily borrowed from Tungus, see VEWT 270; but ku"le may be inherited. face="Times New Roman Star"*ju"m- face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"bow, arrow face="Times New Roman Star"ëóê, ñòðåëà face="Times New Roman Star"s/@w|mren, s/@w|m@w|rlen face="Times New Roman Star"Ôåäîòîâ 2, 108-109. face="Times New Roman Star"*so"l face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"1 juice in meat, lymph 2 soup, bouillon face="Times New Roman Star"1 ìÿñíîé ñîê, ëèìôà 2 ñóï, áóëüîí face="Times New Roman Star"so"l (OUygh.) 1 face="Times New Roman Star"so"l (MK ) 1 face="Times New Roman Star"so"l (dial.) 1 face="Times New Roman Star"su"l, su"l-ge|n 1 face="Times New Roman Star"so"l 'ram's blood' face="Times New Roman Star"s?úl (dial.), øûë (XIX c., Bible) 2 face="Times New Roman Star"o"l 2 face="Times New Roman Star"so"l 1 face="Times New Roman Star"so"l 1 face="Times New Roman Star"so"l 1 face="Times New Roman Star"hu"l 1 face="Times New Roman Star"so"l 1 face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 430, EDT 824, ÝÑÒß 7. face="Times New Roman Star"*TAr face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"raft made of skins face="Times New Roman Star"ïëîò èç áóðäþêîâ face="Times New Roman Star"tar (MK ) face="Times New Roman Star"tar 'wooden raft' (dial.) face="Times New Roman Star"(OKypch.) tar (AH ) face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 463, EDT 528, Ëåêñèêà 537. face="Times New Roman Star"*junt face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"horse, mare face="Times New Roman Star"ëîøàäü, êîáûëà face="Times New Roman Star"junt (Orkh., OUygh.) face="Times New Roman Star"junt (MK ) face="Times New Roman Star"jont face="Times New Roman Star"junt (Ettuhf. ), junad (AH ) face="Times New Roman Star"jut, jot face="Times New Roman Star"sono-g|os 'young horse' face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 946, VEWT 211, ÝÑÒß 4, 253-254, TMN 4, 199-200. Despite Sinor 1965 , 312, hardly a borrowing from Samoyed. face="Times New Roman Star"*ju"l- face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"1 to shave 2 to tear off, scrape off face="Times New Roman Star"1 áðèòü 2 ñðûâàòü, ñîñêðåáàòü face="Times New Roman Star"ju"li- 1 (MK ) face="Times New Roman Star"ju"lu"- 1, 2 face="Times New Roman Star"jo"le- (dial.) 2 face="Times New Roman Star"ju"lu"- 1 (Ettuhf. ) face="Times New Roman Star"ju"l-me- 1 face="Times New Roman Star"su"l- 2 face="Times New Roman Star"hu"l- 2 face="Times New Roman Star"c?u"lu"- 1 face="Times New Roman Star"z?u"lu"- 1 face="Times New Roman Star"u"l-, u"lu"-, ili- 1 face="Times New Roman Star"ju"lu"- 1 face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 919, VEWT 213, ÝÑÒß 4, 216 (confused with *jol- q. v. sub *n/o>\lo ), Stachowski 115. face="Times New Roman Star"*or/- face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"to surpass, win face="Times New Roman Star"ïðåâîñõîäèòü, ïîáåæäàòü face="Times New Roman Star"oz- face="Times New Roman Star"oz- (MK ) face="Times New Roman Star"dial. oz- face="Times New Roman Star"uz- face="Times New Roman Star"oz- (Pav. C. , Houts. , AH , IM face="Times New Roman Star"u.z- face="Times New Roman Star"oz- face="Times New Roman Star"joz- face="Times New Roman Star"oz- face="Times New Roman Star"os- face="Times New Roman Star"oz- face="Times New Roman Star"oz- face="Times New Roman Star"oz- face="Times New Roman Star"ud|- face="Times New Roman Star"oz- face="Times New Roman Star"oz- face="Times New Roman Star"oz- face="Times New Roman Star"oz- face="Times New Roman Star"See VEWT 367, ÝÑÒß 1, 425. face="Times New Roman Star"*sen|ek face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"jar, mug face="Times New Roman Star"êóâøèí face="Times New Roman Star"sen|ek (MK - Oghuz) face="Times New Roman Star"sen|ek face="Times New Roman Star"senek face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 838, VEWT 410. face="Times New Roman Star"*jAp- face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"to make, create, arrange face="Times New Roman Star"äåëàòü, ñîçäàâàòü, ïðèãîòîâëÿòü face="Times New Roman Star"jap- (OUygh.) face="Times New Roman Star"jap- (MK ) face="Times New Roman Star"jap- face="Times New Roman Star"jap- (dial.) face="Times New Roman Star"jap- (Ettuhf. ) face="Times New Roman Star"jap- (dial.) face="Times New Roman Star"jap- face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 870-871; ÝÑÒß 4, 126-127, where arguments are given in favour of separating this verb from *jap- 'to cover'. face="Times New Roman Star"*ala-n / *ala-n| face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"level ground, plain face="Times New Roman Star"ðàâíèíà face="Times New Roman Star"alan| (MK ) face="Times New Roman Star"alan, dial. ala face="Times New Roman Star"alan face="Times New Roman Star"alan| (Pav. C. ) face="Times New Roman Star"alan|, a:la face="Times New Roman Star"olúx face="Times New Roman Star"ala:s, aly: face="Times New Roman Star"alyn, aly: face="Times New Roman Star"ala:q, alandy face="Times New Roman Star"alan| face="Times New Roman Star"alan| face="Times New Roman Star"alan| face="Times New Roman Star"alan| face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 147, ÝÑÒß 1, 134-135, Ôåäîòîâ 2, 277, Stachowski 32, 33. Length in the Turkm. variant a:la is not clear. Yak. ala:s > Russ. Siber. ala/s (Àíèêèí 80-81). face="Times New Roman Star"*bEr- face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"1 southern, right 2 to the South, to the right face="Times New Roman Star"1 þæíûé, ïðàâûé 2 ê þãó, íàïðàâî face="Times New Roman Star"ber-din 1 (Orkh., OUygh.), beri-je 2, ber-ga"ru" 2 (Orkh.) face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 359,364, 370. The forms ber-din (abl.), ber-ije (adv.), ber-geru" (dir.) - from a spatial noun *ber. The usually related beru" 'this side, here' etc. (EDT 355, ÝÑÒß II 124-125) should be rather kept apart. It is unclear morphologically (be:ru" < ber-ru" seems to be a unique development) and may be derived from the demonstrative bu 'this', just like naru, an|aru, onaru 'that side, there' is derived from the demonstrative stem an- 'that' (see Brockelmann 1954 , 134). face="Times New Roman Star"*jal/- face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"to close, hide face="Times New Roman Star"çàêðûâàòü(ñÿ), ïðÿòàòü(ñÿ) face="Times New Roman Star"jas?- (OUygh.) face="Times New Roman Star"jas?- (MK ) face="Times New Roman Star"jas?- (AH ) face="Times New Roman Star"jas- face="Times New Roman Star"jas?- (dial.) face="Times New Roman Star"jas?- face="Times New Roman Star"sas- face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 192, ÝÑÒß 4, 160-161. Very widely spread are also the derivatives *jal/yn-, *jal/yr-, see ibid. face="Times New Roman Star"*seb- face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"spurge, euphorbia face="Times New Roman Star"ìîëî÷àé face="Times New Roman Star"so"v-dek face="Times New Roman Star"Attested only in Turkm., but having probable external parallels. face="Times New Roman Star"*Ta:m face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"1 roof 2 wall 3 hut face="Times New Roman Star"1 êðûøà 2 ñòåíà 3 õèáàðà face="Times New Roman Star"tam 2 (Orkh., OUygh.) face="Times New Roman Star"tam 2 (MK ), 1 (IM ) face="Times New Roman Star"dam 1, 3 face="Times New Roman Star"tam 2 (ÊÑÒÒ ) face="Times New Roman Star"tam 1 (Abush. ), 2 (Sangl. ) face="Times New Roman Star"to|m 1, 3 face="Times New Roman Star"tam 2 face="Times New Roman Star"tam 2 face="Times New Roman Star"dam 1, 3 face="Times New Roman Star"ta:m 2, 3 face="Times New Roman Star"tam 'layer (of earth)' face="Times New Roman Star"da:%m 1 ( < Ogh.) face="Times New Roman Star"tam 2, 3 face="Times New Roman Star"tam 'dug-out, grave' face="Times New Roman Star"tam 2 face="Times New Roman Star"dam 'shed, barn' face="Times New Roman Star"tam 'hut' face="Times New Roman Star"tam 2 face="Times New Roman Star"tam 2 face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 459 (the root has an irregular *t-/*d- variation), Ëåêñèêà 529. TMN 2, No 834. Turk. > Bao. dem 'wall'. face="Times New Roman Star"*(i)an|yr/ face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"stubble-field face="Times New Roman Star"æíèâüå, ñæàòîå ïîëå face="Times New Roman Star"an|yz (MK ) face="Times New Roman Star"an|yz (Sangl. ) face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 191-192. face="Times New Roman Star"*ju"g- face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"1 upwards 2 to rise 3 hill 4 high face="Times New Roman Star"1 ââåðõ, íàâåðõ 2 ïîäíèìàòüñÿ 3 õîëì 4 âûñîêèé face="Times New Roman Star"ju"geru" (Orkh., OUygh.) 1 face="Times New Roman Star"ju"kse- 2 (MK ) face="Times New Roman Star"ju"ksel- 2, ju"z?|e, (dial.) ju"g, ju"z?|ek, ju"gz?|ek, ju"vz?|ek 3 face="Times New Roman Star"ju"ksa"t- 2 (Houts. ), ju"c?e 4 (AH ) face="Times New Roman Star"ju"ksa"l- 2, uz?|a 4 face="Times New Roman Star"u":sel- 2 face="Times New Roman Star"o"ksel- 2 face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 915, ÝÑÒß 4, 263-264. The form *ju"geru" is replaced in most modern languages by a back row variant *jokaru, *jokgaru (see ÝÑÒß 4, 213-214); this may be due to a contamination with a synonymous root *jok "up, above" (see ÝÑÒß 4, 215). face="Times New Roman Star"*Komyl/- face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"1 become drowsy, dry 2 become lean 3 greedy face="Times New Roman Star"1 âÿíóòü, çàñûõàòü, ñòàíîâèòüñÿ âÿëûì 2 õóäåòü, îñóíóòüñÿ 3 æàäíûé face="Times New Roman Star"qomsyz, dial. qomsyq 3 face="Times New Roman Star"xúw|ms?úw|l- 1 face="Times New Roman Star"xomn/uj- 2 face="Times New Roman Star"qomxod| 3 face="Times New Roman Star"ÝÑÒß 6, 147-148. face="Times New Roman Star"*bAjyr face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"1 hill, 2 foot-hill 3 hummock face="Times New Roman Star"1 õîëì 2 ïîäíîæüå ãîðû 3 ïðèãîðîê face="Times New Roman Star"bajyr 1 face="Times New Roman Star"bajyr 1 face="Times New Roman Star"pa:r 2 face="Times New Roman Star"byar 3 face="Times New Roman Star"bajyr 'mountain' face="Times New Roman Star"bajyr 1 face="Times New Roman Star"ÝÑÒß 2, 37-38, VEWT 57. The root should be distinguished from *ba:gyr 'liver' (although there may occur secondary mergers, cf. Tat. bawur 'slope'). It has no relationship (suggested in ÝÑÒß ) to Mong. bajir 'place' (derived from baji- 'to be' and borrowed in Uzb. bajir 'accustomed to local conditions', Kirgh. bajyr 'attachment to a place', Nogh. bajyr 'proper'); intermediate (not quite clear) cases are Chag. bajyr 'plain, desert' (Pav. C. ), Az. bajyr 'the external part of the inhabited area as opposed to the internal part', Khal. bajir 'uncultivated (place)'. face="Times New Roman Star"*go"t face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"anus, buttocks face="Times New Roman Star"çàäíèöà, ÿãîäèöû face="Times New Roman Star"ko"t (MK ) face="Times New Roman Star"go"t face="Times New Roman Star"ko"t (MA , Pav. C. ), MKypch. ko"t (CCum ., Ettuhf. ) face="Times New Roman Star"ket face="Times New Roman Star"kot face="Times New Roman Star"ko"t face="Times New Roman Star"go"t face="Times New Roman Star"ko"t face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 294, EDT 700, ÝÑÒß 3, 84-85, TMN 3, 618, Ìóäðàê 50, Ëåêñèêà 281, Ôåäîòîâ 1, 316. Cf. also *gu"tu"k 'tailless'. face="Times New Roman Star"*simek face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"forest, jungle face="Times New Roman Star"ëåñ, ÷àùà face="Times New Roman Star"simek (OUygh.) face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 828-829.
,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,
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